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| Volume III • Issue 04 • 1996 (Already published) |
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| Trade unionism and social science |
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| Title : |
Editorial |
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| Author(s) : |
Jean, Dubost |
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| Pages : |
3 - 4 |
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| Type : |
Editorial |
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| Title : |
lntellectuals and trade unionists : historical aspects |
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| Author(s) : |
Jacques, Kergoat |
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| Abstract : |
Relations between intellectuals and the French trade union movement since the end of the second world war have been episodic and not very intense. Stalinist obscurantism for the CGT and contact with hotbeds of anti-Communism for Force Ouvriare constituted exchanges between intellectuals and trade unionists. Only the CFTC and later the CFDT made efforts to bencfit from the contribution of intcllectuals. But most of the intellectuals who were involved with the CFDT have now lost interest in the workers' movements. Has the foundation of RESSY (Research, Society, Trade unionism) reversed the trend? On the contrary, is it only an epiphenomenon? The emergence of a call from intellectuals who showed solidarity with the 1995 movement, then the appeal made in common by intellectuals and trade unionists to the "Etats Généraux du Mouvement Social" allow us to think that the changes at work between intellectuals and trade unionists may perhaps be lasting ones. |
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| Keywords: |
intellectuals, trade unionists, historical aspects, |
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| Pages : |
5 - 16 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
lndustrial Relation : an intervention object ? |
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| Author(s) : |
Pierre-Eric, Tixier |
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| Abstract : |
This article explores how and why the figure of the consultant, in the field of industrial relations, has moved in the period following the second Worl War, and up to the present time, towards a form of mediation between social groups aiming to produce compromise. What conccptual difficultics arise from a work-place with many different actors in the french context ? The article also examines problems of transfer, counter-transfer and acting-out which emanate from these new practices. |
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| Keywords: |
professional behaviours, behavior, |
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| Pages : |
17 - 30 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
Explalning trade union activism |
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| Author(s) : |
Jean, Vincent |
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| Abstract : |
French research explaining the processes leading to trade union activism is quite limited, often with little circulation (unpublished theses) and, above all, with varied theoretical approaches. After having briefly sketched out the major historical changes in workers' activism by summarising Touraine's earlier "macrosociological" research (1955, 1966), this article illustrates this theoretical diversity by studying first some mainly microsociological research (Bourdet, 1976 ; Andrieux et Lignon, 1973 ; Chouvier, 1982) and second some pluralistic studies (Bader, 1990; Correia, 1994 ; Corcuff, 1991 ). These are pluralistic either in the sense that they associate macro et microsociological approaches, or because they combined several microsociological approaches. On the whole, trade union activism could come under three logics of action (cf. Dubet, 1994), the rational one based on self-interest, the "integrative" one (cf. collective identities) and the "subject-based" one (scarcely quoted except by Bourdet or in the context of injustice). Subsequent research might deal with the socialization process of militants and with comparison between trade union and social movement activists. |
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| Keywords: |
trade union activism, macrosociological |
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| Pages : |
31 - 48 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
The CNRS-CFDT "PAROLES" Programms. Administration, methods and results |
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| Author(s) : |
Henri, Pinaud |
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| Abstract : |
The two rcsearch programs PAROLES (1984-89 a nd 1991-199:'i) have brought together researchers, academics and trade union officiais from CFDT within the first formal scientific cooperation agreement in France signed between CNRS and a trade union. The object was to experiment new forms of pluridisciplinary participative research at several levels :
national, sectorial and company. The topic of the rescarch was workers' direct participation, by studying first the implementation of the workers' right for expression, secondly all forms of direct organisational parti ci pat ion, whether legal, agreed upon with unions, or unilatcrally implemented by employers. The article describes the organisation, management, methods and results of the research programs. |
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| Keywords: |
PAROLES CNRS-CFDT program, administration, method, results |
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| Pages : |
49 - 60 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
Social sciences and trade unionism in Great-Britain : divorce or simple separation? |
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| Author(s) : |
Steve, Jefferys ; Colin, Whitston |
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This article seeks to explain why there has been very little rapprochement during seventeen years of uninterrupted Conservative government. It first sketches the changes occurring in the two worlds of British trade unionism and the social sciences. It explains how trade unionism has continucd to be "victimized" by academics, and why "engagement"by
British academics with the unions is so rare. The second part of the article then provides an overview of the current relationships betwcen social science and British unions. Finally the article concludes that while social sciences and trade unionism have generally lived apart from each other, the impact of the last fifteen years has been to push that separation towards a formal divorce. |
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| Keywords: |
social sciences, trade unionism, Great Britain, UK, separation |
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| Pages : |
61 - 72 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
The intervention of researchers: an american view |
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| Author(s) : |
Charles, Heckscher |
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| Abstract : |
This article considers social science not in terms of its analytic truth but in terms of its practical impact on industrial relations. Certain social science theories, such as Marxism and Keynesian economics, have in the past significantly influenced the development of the industrial relations system. In recent decades, however, social scientists have more frequently acted on another level : as consultants and mediators intervening directly in labor-management relations. They have generally adopted an approach of encouraging dialogue and cooperation. But this approach is not backed by a plausible theory of the industrial relations system which gives a direction beyond the currend crisis. The record of these interventions, in fact, suggests, that they may face systematic and insurmountable obstacles in the current environment. If this is so, the task of social scientists should be refocused towards reviewing the basic assumptions and dynamics of the system rather than implementing modifcations to it. |
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| Keywords: |
scholars, researchers, intervention, American, american, perspective |
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| Pages : |
73 - 86 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| APA : |
Heckscher, C. (1996) Le chercheur en tant qu'intervenant : une perspective américaine
. Revue Internationale de Psychosociologie (RIP), III(04), pp. 73-86 |
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| Title : |
Trade union movement and social science in ltaly |
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| Author(s) : |
Antonella, De Vincenti |
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| Abstract : |
Since the 1960s there has been continuous collaboration in ltaly between the trade union movement and researchers around the theme of human work which is considered to be the main operator both of the social and psychological construction of man and the mediator between the individual and the collective. The fruit all this collaboration are activities of training and interdisciplinary research-intervention. Although at its height in the 1970s the trade union movement expressed its own culture and anchored research-interventions in a global vision of life which sustained political strategies and action in the field, in the last few years the trade union's efforts has consisted in updating its instruments of understanding of reality. Particular attention has been paid to the experience of workers who are confronted with the introduction of new technology. However, the suffering that emerges from the research ordered by the trade union cannot be reduced only to the psychological dimension for it also has a collective and political dimension. A collective outcome is sought by the trade union through the reconstruction of a strategy of negotiation and this is the requirement that the new research-interventions on the codetermination of the organization of work try to meet. |
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| Keywords: |
Trade unionism, unionist, social sciences, Italy, italy |
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| Pages : |
87 - 102 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
The German trade union system in transition |
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| Author(s) : |
Ulrich, Briefs |
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The system of industrial relations is profoundly changing in Cermany. Trade unions have to cope with a work force redundancy which has gone beyond any volume apprehended before. A general process of social decline among workers has become visible, a decline which is enhanced by the ruling political forces on the federal level. German trade unionism traditionally very bureaucratique but successful is becoming weak. The federations permanently and heavily lose membership. Especially German young people disengage increasingly from trade unions. The German reunification has in the beginning contributed to strengthening trade unions. Now the increased redundancy in East Cermany leads to considerable membership losses. The need for fundamental reforms of trade unions is frequently expressed. Nevertheless trade unions and espccially their bureaucracies exhibit an astonishing inertia vis-à-vis the corresponding demands. |
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| Keywords: |
German, trade union, transition, system, Trade Union system, trade union system |
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| Pages : |
103 - 112 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
An intervention in Rumania with trades unions |
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| Author(s) : |
Jean-Marc, Huguet |
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After the December 89 'revolution' Romania seeks to evolve towards free enterprise economy. The Timisoara mass grave revelation to the world hides a manipulation, that of information. Mistrust towards politicians is settling again. In spite of everything, Romanians cautiously move towards the construction of an occidental type of democracy. The introduction of a social dimension in the passage to free enterprise economy is taken care of within the framework of a European project. This intervention is taking place in the unions of the Cluj area. Its report is centered around the intervener's involvement. |
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| Keywords: |
trade union, intervention, Romania, Rumania |
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| Pages : |
113 - 120 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
From experimentation to analysis of experience |
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| Author(s) : |
Jacqueline, Barus-Michel ; Florence, Giust-Desprairies ; Luc, Ridel |
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| Abstract : |
Psychosociologists are requestcd when the habituai 'rationalities' ar' no more sufficient to explain some observations.
An action so called 'negotiated modernisation', led within a firm in crisis, was a ill-success. Wished as a collaboration between unionists and researchers, the research showed, thanks to paying attention to transferences, the presence of an experimentalist pattern. This social change intervention put the actors, including the members of the unions in the position of 'objects'. This text explores the subjective incidences and the workable evolutions of such an implicit pattern in comparison with a clinical approach. |
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| Keywords: |
experimentation, experience analysis, trade union, trade unionists |
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| Pages : |
121 - 130 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
Psychosoclologists and militants, a common ambiguous object : democracy |
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| Author(s) : |
Bernard, Champagne ; Véronique, Reiser ; Luc, Ridel |
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Psychosociologists and militants may come to an agreement about a common project : democracy. But a project is not a request and the proximity, positive or supposed, may disturb its analysis. This contribution, leaning on a psychosociological intervention led in a militant organization, shows the effects of such a proximity on the expected functions of the apparatus, on the identification and differentiation process and also on the professionnal
identity and values of the psychosociologists. |
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| Keywords: |
psychosociologist, militants, democracy |
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| Pages : |
139 - 150 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
Towards a psychosociology of the labor movement |
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| Author(s) : |
Marcel, Bolle de Bal |
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| Abstract : |
Economists and sociologists emphasize two dimensions of the labor movement: the economical and sociological ones. Psychosociologists should put forward its third dimension : the cultural one. In that perspective unions appear as a structure of rebinding (re-linking, reconnecting) in an hyper-modern society caracterised by a lot of un-binding (de-linking, disconnecting) processes. Caught between the neo-capitalist double game of paradoxical re-binding
processes (participative management) and the new social movements assuming people's rebinding aspirations, the labor movement, if he wants to survive and develop, shoud perceive the psychosociological issues of present social struggles and take up |
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| Keywords: |
psychociology, trade union |
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| Pages : |
151-162 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| Title : |
Effects of psycho-emotional movements on the organization of thought in a risk situation |
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| Author(s) : |
Patrick, Obertelli |
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This article aims to highlight the importance of the psycho-emotional movemcnts that corne into play in risk situations in professional contexts, and to ex plain their effects on the organization of thought. To this end, results are presented which corne from research on attitudes and behaviour in the face of risks carried out in two industrial contexts. The context of risk in present society is described briefly, followed by the main theoretical landmarks in social psychology along with references from allied disciplines. The research from which the results will be drawn is presented rapidly : problematics, fields, methodology. Attention is then paid to the results that concern the modes of thought of people faced with risk situations, and those that seem to us to be the most innovative are explained at greater length. Thus the mechanisms of distorsion of the perception of reality or of possible ways of acting on this reality are developed. There is also an explanation of the origin of the relationship to risks in an individual. |
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| Keywords: |
effects of psycho-emotional movements, risk situation |
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| Pages : |
163 - 178 |
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| Type : |
Studies |
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| Title : |
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| Author(s) : |
Jean-François, Chanlat |
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| Pages : |
179 - 184 |
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| Type : |
Book review |
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