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| Volume IX • Issue 20 • 2003 (Already published) |
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| Sport to body and shouting |
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| Title : |
Introduction |
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| Pages : |
5 - 8 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0005 |
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| Type : |
Introduction |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-5.htm |
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| Title : |
A cultural break: from traditional games to sport |
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| Author(s) : |
Pierre, Parlebas |
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| Abstract : |
Often considered as futile entertainment, sports in reality are motor practices which appeal to a cultural condition and a significant personal commitment which are both indicators of the society to which one belongs.
Precise analysis of the games shown in a painting by P. Bruegel and those engraved in a series of prints by J. Stella allows us to reveal their internal logic; this motor logic uses a specific relationship with space, objects and time, and an original way of conceiving motor interaction and assuming its roles. From Renaissance games to Olympic Games, there is no continuity, but a cultural break. This spectacular break testifies to a profound transformation in lifestyle, technological level, relations to the world and conception of social life. |
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| Keywords: |
space, sports, game, games, Olympic Games |
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| Pages : |
9 - 36 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0009 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-9.htm |
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| Title : |
Gold, silver and bronze: sports values and society of the spectacle |
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| Author(s) : |
Marcel, Bolle De Bal |
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| Abstract : |
Sport may and must be considered as a psychosociological analyser of show business realities. As a moral and social value, it carries many contradictory values. These are symbolised by the trilogy Gold, Silver and Bronze: these three “olympic” metals illustrate some important issues of contemporary sport, especially high level competition sport. Gold, or victory obligation. Silver, or war nerve. Bronze, hard and incorruptible brass, or loyalty ethics. Gold, symbol of competition and performance. Silver, symbol of business and media. Bronze, symbol of fair play and fight against corruption and trickery. Sport practice and evolution are also full of paradoxes; so this human activity constitutes at the same time a mirror and a discloser of personal and collective contradictions, an analytical tool for the multidimensional becoming of our social system. |
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| Keywords: |
gold, silver, bronze, sport, society of the spectacle, spectacle |
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| Pages : |
37 - 58 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0037 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-37.htm |
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| Title : |
Social integration through sport of people with disabilities |
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| Author(s) : |
Anne, Marcellini ; Eric De, Leselec ; Jacques, Gleyse |
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| Abstract : |
French-style integration has always emphasised early mixing, maximum attendance at ordinary social venues to promote the social participation of handicapped people. The projected maximum normalisation aims at an ideal assimilation. Handicapped people who have taken on sport in this spirit have embarked on practice in ordinary clubs, trying hard to play the game “identically”. A clinical study carried out through a longitudinal protocol over a period of ten years describes the case of a young paraplegic sportswoman, and follows her career marked by a permanent wish for normalisation supported by the family environment. A qualitative analysis of the psychological, social, sporting and professional evolution of this young woman, between 22 and 32 years, shows that the logic of assimilation, incorporated as a line of conduct, produced pernicious effects which hindered the process of social integration and led the subject to conflicts in representation which resulted in a blocked situation. The study makes it possible to show interactions between representation of self, social identity, representations of sport and the different ways of practising it (leisure sport, top level sport, integrated practice, practice among peers), and emphasises the unusual effects produced by the logic of assimilation in the case studied. It reveals the processes by which sport, which is classically presented as an opportunity for socialisation and integration, may paradoxically lead to social isolation. |
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| Keywords: |
social integration, sport, people with disabilities, disabilities |
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| Pages : |
59 - 72 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0059 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-59.htm |
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| Title : |
The sportsman and the market: the case of doping |
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| Author(s) : |
Jean-François, Bourg |
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| Abstract : |
The aim of this article is to confront the standard concepts of the neo-classical theory on rationality to the real behaviour of sportmen(women) who take drugs?. However, this microeconomical analysis of the calculating and maximising behaviour of athletes who indulge in such practices reveals some weaknesses. There are indeed other, non-material, variables that influence the act of taking drugs, those linked to the very principle of sport, of its relation to performance and to the image of the self. From this point of view especially, psychological and sociological contributions can assist in highlighting the complex processes that underlie the decision to take dope or not. |
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| Keywords: |
sport, market, doping |
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| Pages : |
73 - 90 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0073 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-73.htm |
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| Title : |
The model of somatosomic sports transformation, human sexuation and behavioral addictions |
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| Author(s) : |
Claire, Carrier |
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| Abstract : |
The regularity of training sessions and the adapting to the stress of the intensive practice of sport modify the body. It becomes, provisionally, the incarnate support of the ideas of omnipotence that the neutral androgynous phantasy expresses: the control of the work of the natural body on itself differentiates a double performer. The question of the sexed authenticity of the actor himself will be displaced to the appreciation of the best compromise found to harmonise his inherited sex and the sexed neutrality in sport both biological, social or psychological. An analysis of this compromise will make it possible to extend the sporting model to the understanding, in terms of health, of the psycho-somatic economics of the repetitive behaviour observed in the addiction type behaviour of adapting to the demands of performance imposed by the logic of a culture of consumption. |
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| Keywords: |
somatosomic sports, sports, transformation, human sexuation, behavioral addiction, addiction |
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| Pages : |
91 - 99 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0091 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-91.htm |
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| Title : |
Marathoners in pursuit of time |
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| Author(s) : |
Charles, Suaud ; Jean-Michel, Faure |
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| Abstract : |
In France, long-distance races were in vogue between 1970 and 1980. This development of a practice on the fringe of federal institutions promoted the appearance of a wave of talk that celebrated the new-found freedom of runners escaping the constraints and standards of competition. As all our data show, on the contrary and paradoxically long-distance racing shows that the search for performance is back with a vengeance. The social and cultural arrangements of the runners are conveyed in the sporting customs where the struggle around time structures the whole sport. Whether it is the time devoted to training, time in the performance, or the struggle against ageing and the weight of the years, the practices and the stand taken by the runners allow us to understand how these customs of the race intervene in the construction of the self. |
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| Keywords: |
marathon, Marathon, time, race |
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| Pages : |
101 - 120 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0101 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-101.htm |
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| Title : |
Risk taking and search for limits: example of sporty motorcycle driving |
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| Author(s) : |
Nicolas, Christakis |
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This paper presents research findings on a particular type of risky behaviour, motorbike speeding on roads. The research purpose was to understand how and why subjects provoke risk and manipulate danger in practice. The discussion stems from ongoing research based on in depth interviews with subjects involved in fast motorcycle driving and from participant observation. The qualitative analysis revealed that driving on the limits of velocity constitutes a type of ritualistic re-definition of personal boundaries and “upgrading” of the self. A double pleasure is involved in fast driving: one from experimenting with personal limits and therefore expanding boundaries, and another, from the satisfaction of exercising control on risk, reality and a possibility of death. |
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| Keywords: |
limits, risk-taking, risk, sport, bike, motorcycle, driving |
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| Pages : |
121 - 141 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0121 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-121.htm |
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| Title : |
Psychoanalysis and the art of captaining a cricket team ... |
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| Author(s) : |
Michael, Brearley |
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| Abstract : |
In this short article, the author, a former captain of the English cricket team who became a psychoanalyst at the end of his sporting career, establishes a few parallels between the job of captain of a sports team and the profession of analyst. Detachment, passion, tenacity, sensitivity to atmosphere, management of projections and transfers, public visibility, are mentioned as so many aspects that are present in these two professional situations, which in appearance are so distant from each other. |
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| Keywords: |
psychoanalysis, captain, cricket, team, sport |
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| Pages : |
143 - 147 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0143 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-143.htm |
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| Title : |
Team and amateur sport |
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| Author(s) : |
Jacques, Bineau |
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| Abstract : |
Amateur sport is the most widespread and the one least talked about. Far from being only the poor relation of professional sport, it organises its activities with rules and values that are peculiar to it, in a particular framework, which will mark the various actors, be they managers, players, parents or supporters. A sports club is first of all an association in which volunteer leaders can make choices which will determine the direction and the aims to be achieved, the principles and the rules to be respected. The composition and the running of a basketball team, in this organisational and social context, are particularly complex. The setting up of a means of regulation of the team throughout the season aims to provoke expression and thoughtful feedback about what is experienced in order better to take into account all the elements that affect the dynamics of the group in a logic of articulating thought and action. |
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| Keywords: |
amateur sport, sport, activity, team |
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| Pages : |
149 - 162 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0149 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-149.htm |
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| Title : |
" We are the Champions! " |
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| Author(s) : |
Jacqueline, Barus-Michel |
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| Abstract : |
Surpassing oneself or defeating others? The paradox of sport leads us to examine the dark side of sport: its mythical supports, its imaginary or realistic stakes, the collective identity investment based on primary narcissistic identification. The great sporting ceremonies that are supposed to sublimate aggressiveness, often unleash it in the supporters, with religion and politics getting mixed into it on a regressive mode. It is impossible to think of sport without its audience which is often a symptom of its fragility, both placed in a fiercely mercantile world, a world of violence which awakens a badly repressed imagination of death. |
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| Keywords: |
overcoming, sport, champion,stakes, surpassing oneself |
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| Pages : |
165 - 182 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0165 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-165.htm |
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| Title : |
Theater and sport |
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| Author(s) : |
Gilles, Amado ; Michel, Hidalgo ; Philippe, Avron |
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This article is made up of a general conversation between the ex-coach of the French football team, an actor and a psychosociologist, all three of whom evoke several aspects of the passion for a sport: aesthetics, team spirit, creation in particular, which often bring acting and sport close together, and allow us to have a more “positive” look at sport (than many specialists in human sciences generally have), even if the excesses and drifts due to the growing hold of finance over sport are to be condemned. |
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| Keywords: |
theatre, play, sport, actor, excesses |
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| Pages : |
183 - 194 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0183 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-183.htm |
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| Title : |
The sports show despite everything |
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| Author(s) : |
Gilles, Amado |
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| Abstract : |
How is it that in spite of the drifting, cheating and violence that run through the practice of sport and the commercialisation from which it suffers, the spectacle of sport keeps and even increases its attraction?
In this article, the author evokes both the divide and the paradoxes which accompany the spectacle of sport, by emphasising, alongside alienation, the more noble sources of the sport spectacle and the “transitional” dimension that it contains. |
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| Keywords: |
sports, show, cheating, violence, |
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| Pages : |
195 - 203 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0195 |
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| Type : |
Research paper |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-195.htm |
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| Title : |
Oedipus precursors |
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| Author(s) : |
Jacquy, Chemouni |
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The Oedipus experience is too hastily summarised as the conflicts suffered by the child in relation to his parents. In fact it is part of the parents’ desire concerning their offspring. It is they who introduce the child to the complex. We shall try to appreciate this dimension of the Oedipus complex through the tragedy of the same name.
Firstly the Oedipus complex is part of the family history structured by the parents’ imagination. This time which, because it eludes the child, imposes itself on him, this history which will make up his own and which has its roots, often still operational, in a longer history since it carries problems which go back to previous generations, we will call ante-Oedipus, and we will keep the expression pre-Oedipus to connote the existential premises which announce the Oedipus complex to come. The counter-Oedipians generally appear at the time when the child expresses his Oedipian conflicts. |
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| Keywords: |
Oedipus, child, kid, parents, family |
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| Pages : |
205 - 213 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0205 |
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| Type : |
Studies |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-205.htm |
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| Title : |
Intervene in a crisis situation. Psychosociologist in an emergency, between method and invention |
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| Author(s) : |
Sylvain, Ohayon |
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This text emphasises the necessity for psychosociologists today to rethink the practices, methods and models that guide their interventions. The author uses his own experience as a psychosociologist, intervening as a consultant and an instructor in groups and organisations, and links it to an older experience, that of English psychiatrists during the last world war, to reflect and renew intervention in a situation of crisis or emergency. He defines a method and a framework which will help individuals and groups, under pressure from violent technological, commercial and organisational combats, to get back on their feet again and be more effective and more critical in organisations and ways of working that are increasingly labyrinthine. To specify the position and the role of the psychosociologist, he refers both to studies which clarify the boundaries and the connections between the disciplines of human sciences, and to very contrasted authors who emphasise the profound changes in the organisation of work and analyse the major risks of destruction of the basis of what makes us human. |
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| Keywords: |
intervention, crisis situation, crisis, psychosociologist, emergency, method, invention |
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| Pages : |
215 - 233 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0215 |
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| Type : |
Studies |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-215.htm |
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| Title : |
Book review. Florence Giust-Desprairies, LA FIGURE DE L’AUTRE DANS L’ÉCOLE RÉPUBLICAINE. Collection Éducation et Formation, PUF, 2002 |
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| Author(s) : |
Jean-Claude, Filloux |
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| Pages : |
234 - 237 |
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| DOI : |
10.3917/rips.020.0234 |
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| Type : |
Book review |
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| URL Cairn: |
https://www.cairn.info/revue-internationale-de-psychosociologie-2003-20-page-234.htm |
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